Which category of trauma symptoms includes items such as shock, denial, anger, guilt, anxiety?

• A. Behavioral Symptoms
• B. Physical Symptoms
• C. Cognitive Symptoms
• D. Emotional Psychological Symptoms

Answer: (D)

This item tests how trauma symptoms are grouped by domain, focusing on internal emotional experiences. The listed items—shock, denial, anger, guilt, and anxiety—are all affective states. They describe how a person feels and reacts emotionally after a traumatic event, rather than what they do (behavioral), what the body experiences (physical), or what they think (cognitive).

Behavioral symptoms are about observable actions or changes in conduct, such as avoidance behaviors or withdrawal. Physical symptoms refer to bodily signs or somatic concerns, like headaches or sleep problems. Cognitive symptoms involve thought processes, beliefs, memory, or concentration. Because the items here are emotional responses, they best fit the emotional/psychological category.